The crankshafts are connected to the drive shaft which, in turn, are connected to the wheels. These are connected to the connecting rods at the bottom, which make the crankshaft rotate. These are the moving parts inside the cylinder. Pistons are what move up and down inside the cylinder to generate the intake, compression, power and exhaust strokes. This requires some additional components to convert the reciprocating motion of the pistons inside the cylinder into the rotational motion of the wheels. The entire energy of the combustion chamber has to be transferred to the wheels to enable vehicular motion. Depending on when the intake valves open, the fuel injection inside the cylinder takes place to ensure the proper mixing of the fuel with the air.Īlso read: Working of Hydraulic, Electric & Hydroelectric Power Steerings! Pistons, Connecting Rods and Crankshafts The duration and timings of opening and closing of valves can be controlled or varied through the specific designs of the camshafts. When the camshaft rotates, these elevations push the parts connected to the valves and achieves the closing and opening operations. It is a mechanically designed component, which has the elevations on the shaft to open and close the intake and exhaust valves. Closing and opening operations are performed by these valves within various devices.Īlso read: 6 Most Relevant Connected Car Tech Features in Modern Cars! Camshafts Also, these are essential components in other equipment like a turbocharger, pump or other mechanical devices.
Valves are also present at the exhaust side to enable the necessary amount of exhaust gases to be thrown out of the engine. The valves are present at the intake side of the engine to let in the fresh air in the required quantity. The process of controlling the air or gases inside various parts of the engine is taken care of by the valves. Therefore, the mixing of air-fuel is an important aspect of internal combustion engines.Īlso read: Working of Roots, Twin-Screw, Centrifugal Superchargers! Valves It must be noted here that if there is some fuel which has not been mixed thoroughly, it will come out of the exhaust as unburnt and cause massive pollution.
This means that the air and fuel have to be compressed or mixed together so that the combustion or the burning process takes place cleanly. The second stroke represents the compression phase. Oxygen is necessary for combustion and therefore the intake stroke ensures an adequate supply of fresh air (oxygen) to burn the fuel. A combustion chamber is where the fuel is burnt to produce the energy required to enable the motion of a vehicle. If we have to explain briefly about each of these, we shall begin with the intake stroke which consists of filling the combustion cylinder of the engine with fresh air. These represent Intake, Compression, Power and Exhaust strokes. Also read: What are Torque Vectoring, Torque Steer, Understeer & Oversteer? 4-Stroke Internal Combustion EngineĪlmost all the cars that we have today, follow the principle of a 4-stroke cycle.